Podocarpus macrophyllus

Accession Count: 33
Common Name: Japanese yew pine
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Family Name: Podocarpaceae
Botanical Name: Podocarpus macrophyllus
Sub Species:
Variety:
Forma:
Cultivar:
Characteristics: The Podocarpus macrophyllus has dark green lancelolate leaves that can grow to three to four inches long and are 3/8 wide. It is an evergreen(7). Fruits are fleshy arils covering a large seed.
Compound: Pod mac
Geographic Origin: East Asia
Ecozone Origin: Palearctic
Biome Origin:
Natural History: The Japanese Yew Pine is not native to North America. Its origins are linked to Japan, China, Myanmar, and Taiwan (6). However, the species can now be found all over the world that is the proper temperature for them to grow and thrive. The Japanese Yew Pine  tends to be individually scattered and are not naturally found in dense populations. When it does spread, it is the result of birds that eat the fruit and spread the digested seed to many locations (1).The species most often occurs at sea level but occur at higher elevations (6). This is considered a forest species, and it grows on a variety of terrains including  mountain slopes, hillsides, and along streams (6). 
Cultivation Notes: The Japanese Yew grows best when they are exposed to a full sunlight (1). When this plant is grown in shady areas, it will not thrive or look as beautiful. The P. macrophyllus still can tolerate low lighting and be grown indoors (4). The Japanese Yew does not need copious amounts of water, requiring water once a week or once every two weeks (2). It does requires well drained, and slightly acidic soils (1). Various soil textures are tolerated including sandy, loamy, and soils with some clay, provided they are able to drain (5). The propagation of the P. macrophyllusis is easiest by seeding though cutting propagation is possible and allows for more uniform characteristics from generation to generation, it is slower (1, 2). 
Ethnobotany:
There are many uses for the Japanese Yew. Parts of the Japanese Yew Pine are edible. The fleshy, purple parts of the fruit are edible and have been consumed raw by humans or baked  them into pies and cakes (4). Japanese Yew Pines are also a source of medicine used to treat worms, blood disorders, and as a tonic for kidney, lungs, and the stomach ailments (5). Humans have also used the wood of the Japanese Yew Pine to make furniture, utensils, paper, and farming equipment (5). The hard seed contained inside the fleshy fruit has minor toxicity to humans if ingested and will cause vomiting or diarrhea meriting a call to the Poison Control Center (8). For this reason, care should be taken to limit use of this plant where animals are present, as consumption of the fruit and the accompanying seed will result in severe illness (9). 
 These plants can grow to be extremely large. They do tend to grow slowly, but if they have been growing long enough, can be used to shade areas (4). It can also be grown as a decorative lawn, street and park tree because of how beautiful they look when they are fully grown. Since they can tolerate low lighting they are grown inside homes as well as malls and shopping centers as an ornamental(4). They can also be grown under stairwells and up the side of buildings (2). Many people also trim the Japanese Yew into hedges, but this does not show how beautiful the plant can be in full growth (1).


Height: 20 - 50 feet
Width: 0 - 5 feet
Growth Rate: Slow Growing
Grow Season: Summer
Flower Season: Spring
Color: Yellow
Function: Screen
Spread: Non-spreading
Allergen: Non-allergenic
Invasive: Benign
Toxicity: Toxic
Hardy: Hardy
Water Use: Moderate Water Use

Citations:
  1. US forest Service
  2. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension
  3. Missouri Botanical Garden
  4. Plants for a Future
  5. Bonsai Society of Miami
  6. The Red List
  7. Duffield, Mary Rose., and Warren D. Jones. Plants For Dry Climates - How To Select, Grow And Enjoy. Lane Publishing Company, 1992.
  8. Toxic Plants UC Riverside
  9. Pet Poison Helpline
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Podocarpus macrophyllus