Austrocylindropuntia subulata

Accession Count: 3
Common Name: Eve's pin, crested eve's needle
Family Name: Cactaceae
Botanical Name: Austrocylindropuntia subulata
Sub Species:
Variety:
Forma:
Cultivar: ‘Crestata’
Characteristics: A. subulata is a tree-like cactus with a columnar, woody trunk that is basally branching, possessing dark-brown bark in older specimens. Stems are green, with awl-shaped leaves and woolly areoles, from which several glochids emerge. During mid-spring to mid-summer, showy flowers will develop. The blooms are varied in color, being orange, burgundy-red, orangish-red, or greenish-yellow, with white bases and yellow stigma. However, it is rare for the Eve’s pin cactus to bloom in cultivation, and container plants will likely never flower. Following will occur dark green or red fruits covered with fine, stinging hairs.
Compound: Aus sub
Geographic Origin: South America
Ecozone Origin: Tropics
Biome Origin:
Natural History: Austrocylindropuntia subulata is native to the Peruvian Andes, at altitudes from 2,000 and 3,500 meters above level. However, the species has been widely cultivated in Argentina, Bolivia, and other parts of South America as well. The type specimen originates from Valparaiso, Chile, likely as a cultivated plant.
The Eve's pin was named by Curt Backeberg, who included it within Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde. Einleitung und Beschreibung der Pereskioideae und Opuntioideae (1942).
Cultivation Notes: Provide regular irrigation during the spring and summer, watering whenever soil is dry. During the winter, keep as dry as possible, being careful not to water on cold, humid, or overcast days. Do not keep a saucer beneath pots either, as this will lead to root rot.
A. subulata is not very particular about soil quality, as long as substratum is well-draining. However, to encourage growth, plant in a combination of loam, sand, cactus potting soil and 25-50% pumice, maintaining a pH between 6.1 and 7.8.
When first siting, the Eve’s pin cactus should be planted in the shade, and gradually introduced to sunlight. Once accustomed, remove from shade and provide direct sun whenever possible, as A. subulata thrives on light.
The cold tolerance of A. subulata is poor, with death occurring below 20°F (USDA hardiness zones 9a to 10b). As such, it is not recommended to expose A. subulata to temperatures below 25°F for long periods of time, despite the tolerance of occasional cold nights. In fact, specimens should be brought indoors when night-time temperatures drop under 41°F to avoid the formation of epidermal spots. Additionally, during the winter, cacti should be transferred to a cooler location that still receives bright lighting, to encourage growth.
Propagation is possible through hardwood or softwood cuttings, root cuttings, stem division, and through seed. Stem division is the easiest method, with the pads rooting easily when planted in soil. Water sparingly until roots have developed. Additionally, always wear gloves when handling, to protect from the sharp spines or stinging fruits.
Ethnobotany: The common name “Eve’s pin cactus” stems from its use in ancient Peru, where needles were created from the spines. Additionally, the awl-shaped leaves of A. subulata can be consumed, and are sold in many South American and Mexican markets within the United States. Although low in nutritional content, the fruit can also be eaten, or fermented to make a cactus wine. Lastly, the Eve’s pin cactus is popular in xeriscape gardens, where it can be used as a living fence.

Height: 11 - 15 feet
Width: 0 - 5 feet
Growth Rate: Slow Growing
Grow Season: Summer
Flower Season: ForeSummer
Color: Orange
Function: Accent
Spread: Non-spreading
Allergen: Non-allergenic
Invasive: Benign
Toxicity: Benign
Hardy: Tender
Water Use: Low water Use
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Austrocylindropuntia subulata